OK – everything is made up elements – carbon, hydrogen etc. Each of these elements are different sizes as they contain different amounts of electrons, neutrons and protons. The more stuff inside each atom – the greater it’s mass. So if you know what elements something contains (and how many) you can work out it’s mass.
Simple question, but one of the hardest to answer in all science.
Best guess at the moment is it’s something called the Higgs Boson – which gets its name from a physicist who worked at Edinburgh University – Peter Higgs.
We don’t actually know if the Higgs boson exists. So far it’s just a theory and no one has detected it.
One of the main jobs of the Large Hadron Collider is to try to detect a Higgs.
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